|
}} Chen Wu (died 215),〔 courtesy name Zilie, was a military general serving under the warlord Sun Quan in the late Eastern Han dynasty. He previously served under Sun Ce, Sun Quan's elder brother and predecessor. ==Life== Chen Wu was from Songzi County (松滋縣), Lujiang Commandery (廬江郡), which is in present-day Susong County, Anqing, Anhui.〔(陳武字子烈，廬江松滋人。) ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 55.〕 He was seven ''chi'' and seven ''cun'' tall (approximately 181–186 cm). When he was about 17 years old, he travelled to Shouchun (壽春; present-day Shou County, Lu'an, Anhui) to meet Sun Ce, who was then a subordinate of the warlord Yuan Shu. Chen Wu later accompanied Sun Ce on his conquests in the Jiangdong region in the 190s, and was appointed as a "Major of Separate Command" (別部司馬) for his contributions in battle. He also followed Sun Ce to attack a minor warlord Liu Xun and helped to recruit many capable men from Lujiang to join Sun Ce's army, with him as their commander.〔(孫策在壽春，武往脩謁，時年十八，長七尺七寸，因從渡江，征討有功，拜別部司馬。策破劉勳，多得廬江人，料其精銳，乃以武為督，所向無前。) ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 55.〕 After Sun Ce's death in 200 CE, Chen Wu continued serving under Sun Quan, Sun Ce's younger brother and successor. He was put in command of five regiments.〔(及權統事，轉督五校。) ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 55.〕 Chen Wu was known to a kind and generous person, and he won the hearts of many people from his hometown and other places. He was deeply favoured by Sun Quan, who visited his house on several occasions. Chen Wu was later promoted to Lieutenant-General (偏將軍) for his achievements.〔(仁厚好施，鄉里遠方客多依託之。尤為權所親愛，數至其家。累有功勞，進位偏將軍。) ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 55.〕 In 215, Chen Wu followed Sun Quan to attack Hefei, a city under the control of a rival warlord Cao Cao, which led to the Battle of Xiaoyao Ford. Sun Quan's forces suffered a disastrous defeat at the hands of Cao Cao's general Zhang Liao, who was defending Hefei. Chen Wu was killed in action.〔(建安二十年，從擊合肥，奮命戰死。) ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 55.〕 Sun Quan mourned Chen Wu's death and attended the latter's funeral.〔(權哀之，自臨其葬。) ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 55.〕 Sun Quan also had Chen Wu's favourite concubine sacrificed to join Chen in death, and he awarded Chen's family 200 taxable households in their estate.〔(江表傳曰：權命以其愛妾殉葬，復客二百家。) ''Jiang Biao Zhuan'' annotation in ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 55.〕 The historian Sun Sheng criticised Sun Quan's act of forcing Chen Wu's concubine to join Chen in death, citing an earlier negative example of Duke Mu of Qin〔In 621 BCE, when Duke Mu of the Qin state was dying, he ordered 170 people to be sacrificed to join him in death. Among the 170 included three brothers from the Ziche (子車) family – Yanxi (奄息), Zhonghang (仲行) and Zhenhu (針虎) – who had contributed greatly to the Qin state.〕 and a positive example of Wei Ke (魏顆).〔In 594 BCE, when the forces of the Qin and Jin states clashed at Fushi (輔氏; present-day Dali County, Weinan, Shaanxi), the Jin general Wei Ke (魏顆) was fighting with a Qin general Du Hui (杜回) when an old man appeared and used a rope made from straw to trip Du Hui, allowing Wei Ke to capture his enemy. The Jin forces won the battle as a result. Later that night, Wei Ke dreamt about the old man, who told him that he was actually the father of a concubine of Wei Ke's father, Wei Wuzi (魏武子), and he wanted to repay Wei Ke's kindness. Many years ago, Wei Wuzi had a concubine whom he loved dearly but she did not bear him any children. When Wei Wuzi became seriously ill, he told Wei Ke to allow his concubine to remarry after his death. However, when Wei Wuzi's condition worsened, he changed his mind and instructed Wei Ke to have her sacrificed to join him in death. After Wei Wuzi died, Wei Ke did not follow his father's dying wish because he felt that his father was not in a clear state of mind before his death. This story gave rise to the Chinese idiom ''jie cao xian huan'' (结草衔环).〕〔(孫盛曰：昔三良從秦穆師以之不征；魏妾旣出，杜回以之僵仆。禍福之報，如此之效也。權仗計任術，以生從死，世祚之促，不亦宜乎！) Sun Sheng's annotation in ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 55.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chen Wu (Han dynasty)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|